nginx 全局变量 – 孤剑 – 博客园
经常需要配置Nginx ，其中有许多以 $ 开头的变量，经常需要查阅nginx 所支持的变量。
可能是对 Ngixn资源不熟悉，干脆就直接读源码，分析出支持的变量。
Nginx支持的http变量实现在 ngx_http_variables.c 的 ngx_http_core_variables存储实现：
https://github.com/nginx/nginx/blob/master/src/http/ngx_http_variables.c
Execl版本：nginx内置变量
ngx_http_core_variables
static ngx_http_variable_t ngx_http_core_variables[] = {
{ ngx_string("http_host"), NULL, ngx_http_variable_header,
offsetof(ngx_http_request_t, headers_in.host), 0, 0 },
{ ngx_string("http_user_agent"), NULL, ngx_http_variable_header,
offsetof(ngx_http_request_t, headers_in.user_agent), 0, 0 },
{ ngx_string("http_referer"), NULL, ngx_http_variable_header,
offsetof(ngx_http_request_t, headers_in.referer), 0, 0 },
#if (NGX_HTTP_GZIP)
{ ngx_string("http_via"), NULL, ngx_http_variable_header,
offsetof(ngx_http_request_t, headers_in.via), 0, 0 },
#endif
#if (NGX_HTTP_PROXY || NGX_HTTP_REALIP)
{ ngx_string("http_x_forwarded_for"), NULL, ngx_http_variable_header,
offsetof(ngx_http_request_t, headers_in.x_forwarded_for), 0, 0 },
#endif
{ ngx_string("http_cookie"), NULL, ngx_http_variable_headers,
offsetof(ngx_http_request_t, headers_in.cookies), 0, 0 },
{ ngx_string("content_length"), NULL, ngx_http_variable_header,
offsetof(ngx_http_request_t, headers_in.content_length), 0, 0 },
{ ngx_string("content_type"), NULL, ngx_http_variable_header,
offsetof(ngx_http_request_t, headers_in.content_type), 0, 0 },
{ ngx_string("host"), NULL, ngx_http_variable_host, 0, 0, 0 },
{ ngx_string("binary_remote_addr"), NULL,
ngx_http_variable_binary_remote_addr, 0, 0, 0 },
{ ngx_string("remote_addr"), NULL, ngx_http_variable_remote_addr, 0, 0, 0 },
{ ngx_string("remote_port"), NULL, ngx_http_variable_remote_port, 0, 0, 0 },
{ ngx_string("server_addr"), NULL, ngx_http_variable_server_addr, 0, 0, 0 },
{ ngx_string("server_port"), NULL, ngx_http_variable_server_port, 0, 0, 0 },
{ ngx_string("server_protocol"), NULL, ngx_http_variable_request,
offsetof(ngx_http_request_t, http_protocol), 0, 0 },
{ ngx_string("scheme"), NULL, ngx_http_variable_scheme, 0, 0, 0 },
{ ngx_string("request_uri"), NULL, ngx_http_variable_request,
offsetof(ngx_http_request_t, unparsed_uri), 0, 0 },
{ ngx_string("uri"), NULL, ngx_http_variable_request,
offsetof(ngx_http_request_t, uri),
NGX_HTTP_VAR_NOCACHEABLE, 0 },
{ ngx_string("document_uri"), NULL, ngx_http_variable_request,
offsetof(ngx_http_request_t, uri),
NGX_HTTP_VAR_NOCACHEABLE, 0 },
{ ngx_string("request"), NULL, ngx_http_variable_request_line, 0, 0, 0 },
{ ngx_string("document_root"), NULL,
ngx_http_variable_document_root, 0, NGX_HTTP_VAR_NOCACHEABLE, 0 },
{ ngx_string("realpath_root"), NULL,
ngx_http_variable_realpath_root, 0, NGX_HTTP_VAR_NOCACHEABLE, 0 },
{ ngx_string("query_string"), NULL, ngx_http_variable_request,
offsetof(ngx_http_request_t, args),
NGX_HTTP_VAR_NOCACHEABLE, 0 },
{ ngx_string("args"),
ngx_http_variable_request_set,
ngx_http_variable_request,
offsetof(ngx_http_request_t, args),
NGX_HTTP_VAR_CHANGEABLE|NGX_HTTP_VAR_NOCACHEABLE, 0 },
{ ngx_string("is_args"), NULL, ngx_http_variable_is_args,
0, NGX_HTTP_VAR_NOCACHEABLE, 0 },
{ ngx_string("request_filename"), NULL,
ngx_http_variable_request_filename, 0,
NGX_HTTP_VAR_NOCACHEABLE, 0 },
{ ngx_string("server_name"), NULL, ngx_http_variable_server_name, 0, 0, 0 },
{ ngx_string("request_method"), NULL,
ngx_http_variable_request_method, 0,
NGX_HTTP_VAR_NOCACHEABLE, 0 },
{ ngx_string("remote_user"), NULL, ngx_http_variable_remote_user, 0, 0, 0 },
{ ngx_string("body_bytes_sent"), NULL, ngx_http_variable_body_bytes_sent,
0, 0, 0 },
{ ngx_string("request_completion"), NULL,
ngx_http_variable_request_completion,
0, 0, 0 },
{ ngx_string("request_body"), NULL,
ngx_http_variable_request_body,
0, 0, 0 },
{ ngx_string("request_body_file"), NULL,
ngx_http_variable_request_body_file,
0, 0, 0 },
{ ngx_string("sent_http_content_type"), NULL,
ngx_http_variable_sent_content_type, 0, 0, 0 },
{ ngx_string("sent_http_content_length"), NULL,
ngx_http_variable_sent_content_length, 0, 0, 0 },
{ ngx_string("sent_http_location"), NULL,
ngx_http_variable_sent_location, 0, 0, 0 },
{ ngx_string("sent_http_last_modified"), NULL,
ngx_http_variable_sent_last_modified, 0, 0, 0 },
{ ngx_string("sent_http_connection"), NULL,
ngx_http_variable_sent_connection, 0, 0, 0 },
{ ngx_string("sent_http_keep_alive"), NULL,
ngx_http_variable_sent_keep_alive, 0, 0, 0 },
{ ngx_string("sent_http_transfer_encoding"), NULL,
ngx_http_variable_sent_transfer_encoding, 0, 0, 0 },
{ ngx_string("sent_http_cache_control"), NULL, ngx_http_variable_headers,
offsetof(ngx_http_request_t, headers_out.cache_control), 0, 0 },
{ ngx_string("limit_rate"), ngx_http_variable_request_set_size,
ngx_http_variable_request_get_size,
offsetof(ngx_http_request_t, limit_rate),
NGX_HTTP_VAR_CHANGEABLE|NGX_HTTP_VAR_NOCACHEABLE, 0 },
{ ngx_string("nginx_version"), NULL, ngx_http_variable_nginx_version,
0, 0, 0 },
{ ngx_string("hostname"), NULL, ngx_http_variable_hostname,
0, 0, 0 },
{ ngx_string("pid"), NULL, ngx_http_variable_pid,
0, 0, 0 },
{ ngx_null_string, NULL, NULL, 0, 0, 0 }
};
| 名称 | 版本 | 说明（变量列表来源于文件 ngx_http_variables ） |
| $args | 1.0.8 | 请求中的参数; |
| $binary_remote_addr | 1.0.8 | 远程地址的二进制表示 |
| $body_bytes_sent | 1.0.8 | 已发送的消息体字节数 |
| $content_length | 1.0.8 | HTTP请求信息里的”Content-Length”; |
| $content_type | 1.0.8 | 请求信息里的”Content-Type”; |
| $document_root | 1.0.8 | 针对当前请求的根路径设置值; |
| $document_uri | 1.0.8 | 与$uri相同; |
| $host | 1.0.8 | 请求信息中的”Host”，如果请求中没有Host行，则等于设置的服务器名; |
| $hostname | 1.0.8 | |
| $http_cookie | 1.0.8 | cookie 信息 |
| $http_post | 1.0.8 | |
| $http_referer | 1.0.8 | 引用地址 |
| $http_user_agent | 1.0.8 | 客户端代理信息 |
| $http_via | 1.0.8 | 最后一个访问服务器的Ip地址。http://www.cnblogs.com/deng02/archive/2009/02/11/1387911.html |
| $http_x_forwarded_for | 1.0.8 | 相当于网络访问路径。http://www.cnblogs.com/craig/archive/2008/11/18/1335809.html |
| $is_args | 1.0.8 | |
| $limit_rate | 1.0.8 | 对连接速率的限制; |
| $nginx_version | 1.0.8 | |
| $pid | 1.0.8 | |
| $query_string | 1.0.8 | 与$args相同; |
| $realpath_root | 1.0.8 | |
| $remote_addr | 1.0.8 | 客户端地址; |
| $remote_port | 1.0.8 | 客户端端口号; |
| $remote_user | 1.0.8 | 客户端用户名，认证用; |
| $request | 1.0.8 | 用户请求 |
| $request_body | 1.0.8 | |
| $request_body_file | 1.0.8 | 发往后端的本地文件名称 |
| $request_completion | 1.0.8 | |
| $request_filename | 1.0.8 | 当前请求的文件路径名 |
| $request_method | 1.0.8 | 请求的方法，比如”GET”、”POST”等; |
| $request_uri | 1.0.8 | 请求的URI，带参数; |
| $scheme | 1.0.8 | 所用的协议，比如http或者是https，比如rewrite^(.+)$$scheme://example.com$1redirect; |
| $sent_http_cache_control | 1.0.8 | |
| $sent_http_connection | 1.0.8 | |
| $sent_http_content_length | 1.0.8 | |
| $sent_http_content_type | 1.0.8 | |
| $sent_http_keep_alive | 1.0.8 | |
| $sent_http_last_modified | 1.0.8 | |
| $sent_http_location | 1.0.8 | |
| $sent_http_transfer_encoding | 1.0.8 | |
| $server_addr | 1.0.8 | 服务器地址，如果没有用listen指明服务器地址，使用这个变量将发起一次系统调用以取得地址(造成资源浪费); |
| $server_name | 1.0.8 | 请求到达的服务器名; |
| $server_port | 1.0.8 | 请求到达的服务器端口号; |
| $server_protocol | 1.0.8 | 请求的协议版本，”HTTP/1.0″或”HTTP/1.1″; |
| $uri | 1.0.8 | 请求的URI，可能和最初的值有不同，比如经过重定向之类的。 |
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